What is the role of succinate?
3 min read
Asked by: Chris Mastracci
Succinate is involved in the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species. Succinate is also involved in epigenetics and tumorigenesis. Succinate plays a role in endo- and paracrine modulation and inflammation. We review succinate as a metabolite or a signal.
What is succinate a substrate for?
Succinate is a substrate for both the citric acid cycle and complex II of the electron transport chain.
What is succinate in respiration?
Succinate, a dicarboxylic acid, is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle that is transported and metabolized by the renal proximal tubule. It is also known to increase proximal tubule transport of phosphate and glucose but not fluid by unknown mechanisms.
What does succinate do in complex 2?
Succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) plays a dual role in respiration by catalyzing the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the mitochondrial Krebs cycle and transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC).
What is succinate in biology?
succinate A salt of succinic (butanedioic) acid, HOOC(CH 2) 2COOH, a four-carbon fatty acid. Succinate occurs in living organisms as an intermediate in metabolism, especially in the Krebs cycle. A Dictionary of Biology.
Is succinate an inhibitor?
Succinate dehydrogenase is also known as mitochondrial complex II, and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by dimethyl malonate has been reported to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Does succinate increase the oxygen consumption?
Conclusions: Succinate increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption in ex vivo skeletal muscle taken from septic animals, bypassing the predominant inhibition occurring at complex I. This warrants further exploration in vivo as a putative therapeutic modality.
Is succinate an enzyme?
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) also known as complex II or succinate:quinone oxidoreductase is an enzyme involved in both oxidative phosphorylation and tricarboxylic acid cycle; the processes that generate energy. SDH is a multi-subunit enzyme which requires a series of proteins for its proper assembly at several steps.
Where is succinate produced in the body?
Succinate is an important metabolite in both host and microbial metabolic processes. While the mitochondria are a physiological source of succinate in ‘sterile’ tissues, the distal gastrointestinal tract is densely populated with microbes that produce succinate as a byproduct of anaerobic fermentation [9,10,11,12,13].
What is succinate biochemistry?
Succinate is a key intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a primary metabolic pathway used to produce chemical energy in the presence of O2. Succinate is generated from succinyl-CoA by the enzyme succinyl-CoA synthetase in a GTP/ATP-producing step: Succinyl-CoA + NDP + Pi → Succinate + CoA + NTP.
What does succinate mean in medication?
Medical Definition of succinate
: a salt or ester of succinic acid.
How is succinate produced?
To produce succinate, CO2 fixation is required, one molecule of CO2 is incorporated to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form oxaloacetate (OAA) catalyzed normally by PEP carboxylase (PPC).
