How do fog nozzles work?

Asked by: Jatin Lacy

Fog nozzles produce a cone-shaped stream of small water droplets. These droplets can more easily be converted into steam, which takes heat from the surrounding air and can even be used to push hot air out of a room. Straight streams discharge water in the shape of a column.Mar 1, 2018

What is an advantage of a fog nozzle?

Fog nozzles play an important part in firefighting tactics due to their versatility. The wide variety of fog nozzle manufacturers allows them to accommodate different sizes of fire hose—most often attack hand line—and streams and are capable in both fire protection and attack.

How do automatic fog nozzles work?

The automatic nozzle uses a principle very similar to that of a pumper relief valve. A highly dependable spring, connected to the baffle that forms the discharge orifice, is balanced against the water pressure in the nozzle. The pressure-control spring senses any increase or decrease in pressure within the nozzle.

What are the differences between a fog nozzle and a smooth bore?

Smooth bore nozzles outperform fog nozzles in that they have more operational benefits, which include: greater reach and better penetration. less nozzle reaction except for the 50-psi fog nozzle. less likelihood of being clogged by debris.

How does a fixed Gallonage nozzle work?

They give a given pressure they get a given pressure to the nozzle. And it flows the given amount that it's rated to you have the ability to change this pattern.

How much pressure do you need for a smooth bore nozzle?

50 psi

The operating pressure of the smooth bore is a range from 40 to 60 pounds per square inch (psi), with 50 psi as optimal.

Does fog put out fire?

fog on fire, it will undoubtedly become the leading method in combating forest fires when and where water can be used. water from 212 degrees Fahrenheit into steam requires 8,000 BTUt s.

What is psi in fire fighting?

PSI stands for pressure per square inch, and GPM stands for gallons per minute. Both of these are vital in helping you choose what kind of firefighting pump you need, and it is very important to know about the PSI and GPM before buying any pump, regardless of the use.

Is a combination nozzle a fog nozzle?

Combination Fire Nozzle Types



The multi-purpose nozzle is a combination solid bore and fog nozzle, providing maximum reach and heat absorption.

What does class B foam do?

Class B Foam Agents are the ideal fire suppression choice for hazards involving flammable and combustible liquids. A foam blanket is formed that works to prevent the release of fuel vapor and separates the fuel from the air it needs to burn. The water content of the foam provides a cooling effect.

What are the two types of fire nozzles?

There are five basic nozzle types:

• the solid bore.
• the single gallonage (sometimes called variable pressure/variable flow)
• the adjustable gallonage.
• the automatic or constant pressure.

What is a constant Gallonage nozzle?

The constant gallonage nozzle is the simplest of these nozzles because it has a fixed orifice that is rated for a predetermined gallons per minute (gpm) at a standard nozzle pressure. This means that its rated pounds per square inch (psi) will produce a predetermined volume of water.

What is a smooth bore nozzle used for?

Smooth Bore Fire Nozzles



Smooth bore nozzles also use the lowest engine pump pressures, allowing for maximum reach. Smooth bore nozzles are often referred to as solid bore nozzles because they produce a solid stream to provide maximum reach and penetration to the seat of the fire.

What is one advantage of the Minuteman load?

One common variation of the flat load is the minuteman load. It requires some thought to load, but it’s easier to load than the triple- layer load. This load is popular because it allows the hose to flake and deploy from the nozzle person’s shoulder as it’s advanced into a structure (e.g., up a stairwell).

Are shotguns smooth bore?

Generally, shotgun barrels are what’s called “smoothbore,” meaning they are basically metal tubes with a smooth, non-rifled surface inside. So, MOST shotgun barrels are not rifled.

What is the nozzle pressure for a master stream with a fog nozzle?

Note that the standard rule is to use a pressure of 80 psi for a smooth bore tip nozzle in master stream operations. Higher pressures will create a broken and insufficient stream and an unstable operation in the elevated and portable modes, according to most fire stream books.

What psi Do you flow a master stream at?

Master Stream Devices: Nozzle Pressure + 10 PSI for the device. Older devices with multiple intakes and stream straightener Nozzle Pressure + 20 PSI.

What psi Do you flow a deck gun at?

By having flow control at the deck gun and knowing the static pressure the pump operator can quickly engage the pump upon arrival, pull the tank to pump valve, open the master stream valve and throttle up to that 140 PSI static pressure.

What is the nozzle reaction for fog nozzle flowing 175 gpm?

Our department currently operates with Elkhart fixed-gallonage, combination nozzles with an insert that flows 175 GPM at 75 psi. We have found that this nozzle has a range of 160-168 GPM before it exceeds the industry standard nozzle reaction, for one firefighter, of 69 pounds reaction force.

How many GPM is a combination nozzle?

Automatic combination nozzle 100 psi NP, 180 gpm.

How do I calculate GPM?

The GPM formula is 60 divided by the number of seconds it takes to fill a one gallon container. So if you took 10 seconds to fill a gallon container, your GPM measurement would be 6 GPM (60/10 seconds = 6 GPM).